Strange Animals
TOOL 08

Speed Race

Top speed only tells you who wins the first few seconds. Pick up to five animals and a distance, and each one runs on its real profile: how fast it sprints, how long it can hold that sprint, and what pace it drops to once the burst is spent. Change the distance and watch the order flip.

RUNNERS · 4 OF 5
DISTANCE
START0.0 s400 M FINISH
Cheetah
·
Greyhound
·
African wild dog
·
Human (elite)
·
WHY SPRINTERS FADE

Speed is paid for in heat and oxygen

A sprint runs mostly on anaerobic muscle fibres, which deliver huge power but build heat and lactate fast. A cheetah's body temperature climbs during a chase, so most hunts last under a minute and cover a few hundred metres. Lions are worse: they rely on stalking close, because their burst lasts only seconds.

WHY CRUISERS WIN LONG

Endurance hunters play a different game

African wild dogs chase in relays at around 55 km/h for kilometres and have one of the highest hunting success rates of any large carnivore. Kangaroos hop more cheaply the faster they go, because their tendons store and return energy like springs. Humans are slow sprinters but sweat well enough to run down antelope in the heat.

The numbers behind the race

Top speed is the best credible measurement. Burst is roughly how long that speed can be held; cruise is the pace the animal can keep up afterwards. Burst and cruise figures are rounded field estimates, so treat close finishes as ties.

ANIMALTOP SPEEDBURSTCRUISENOTE
Cheetah112 km/h~25 s20 km/hFastest land animal; hunts rarely exceed 500 m
Greyhound72 km/h~30 s60 km/hFastest dog; holds near-race pace for minutes
African wild dog66 km/h~60 s55 km/hRelay chases of several kilometres
Lion80 km/h~10 s30 km/hShort burst; relies on stalking within 30 m
Zebra64 km/h~60 s40 km/hOutlasts lions if it survives the first rush
Red kangaroo70 km/h~20 s40 km/hHopping gets cheaper per km at speed
Giraffe60 km/h~30 s50 km/hLong strides; can hold pace over kilometres
Grey wolf60 km/h~20 s35 km/hLopes for hours across territory
Grizzly bear56 km/h~15 s25 km/hFaster than any human over short ground
African elephant40 km/h~20 s15 km/hNever truly gallops; always one foot down
Polar bear40 km/h~15 s8 km/hOverheats quickly on land
Hippo30 km/h~20 s10 km/hFaster than most people over 50 m
Human (elite)44.7 km/h~10 s21 km/h44.7 km/h is Usain Bolt's peak; 21 km/h is elite marathon pace
Sloth0.27 km/hConstant0.27 km/hMoves about 4.5 m per minute flat out